By Ivaan Captieux, Information Security Consultant at Galix

In South Africa, insider threats are an increasingly significant risk for businesses, driven by economic uncertainty, labour disputes, and rapid digital transformation. From disgruntled employees to compromised third-party service providers, insider threats can originate from many places, often from those with legitimate access to sensitive systems or data. As businesses navigate this complex landscape, Managed Security Service Providers (MSSPs) offer invaluable support, helping companies implement comprehensive strategies to mitigate insider threats and protect their data.

The growing insider threat landscape

Insider threats today are more complex than ever, as they could potentially involve not only employees but also external partners like contractors and vendors. Adding to this complexity is the rapid digitisation of businesses. As companies adopt new technologies to remain competitive, many struggle to put adequate security measures in place, which can leave them vulnerable, especially in environments where cybersecurity expertise is scarce. In addition, lack of awareness and training can result in employees unintentionally creating vulnerabilities that can be exploited by malicious insiders.

Those with malicious intent are increasingly targeting contractors, vendors, and partners rather than attacking companies directly. These third parties often have legitimate access to company systems but may lack the same level of security, making them easier targets for cybercriminals. The SolarWinds attack, which came to light in 2020, is a prime example of how third-party vulnerabilities can lead to widespread data breaches.

Data theft or exfiltration is another common insider threat scenario. Employees may steal sensitive information, such as intellectual property or customer data, for personal gain or to sell to competitors. This often occurs when employees are about to leave the company and decide to download confidential files before their departure. Lastly, sabotage is a risk, particularly when disgruntled employees or IT administrators intentionally damage systems or leave backdoors open that allow future unauthorised access, potentially leading to ransomware attacks.

Proactive steps to mitigate insider threats

It has become essential for businesses to take proactive measures to mitigate insider threats, focusing on securing access to sensitive information, protecting critical data, and continuously monitoring systems for suspicious activity.

A key step is implementing Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), where employees are granted access to information strictly based on their role within the company. This limits the exposure of sensitive data to only those who genuinely need it. To further enhance protection, Data Loss Prevention (DLP) tools can be deployed. These tools monitor the movement of sensitive data, ensuring that it cannot be copied, shared, or transferred without proper authorisation. DLP systems can also block attempts to send confidential information outside the organisation through channels like email or cloud storage.

Monitoring plays an equally vital role, especially when it comes to third-party service providers. Companies must ensure that vendors and contractors with access to their systems adhere to the same stringent security standards as employees. Regular reviews of third-party access and the implementation of least privilege principles, where users are only granted the minimum level of access necessary, help reduce the risk of data breaches. For vendors requiring remote access, it is critical that businesses enforce strong security measures, including the use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA).

The role of MSSPs in combating insider threats

MSSPs can be an essential source of support in managing and mitigating insider threats, providing businesses with the expertise and tools needed to safeguard their data. This includes helping organisations develop insider threat policies. These policies clearly define acceptable behaviour, data access rules, and protocols for handling sensitive information, ensuring that employees and third parties understand their responsibilities.

In addition to policy creation, MSSPs play a crucial role in conducting risk assessments of third-party vendors. These assessments identify potential security weaknesses and evaluate the level of risk that external partners pose. MSSPs help ensure that vendors follow strict security protocols, minimising the threat of data breaches originating from external sources. This adherence to security standards is vital for regulatory compliance, particularly with frameworks such as POPIA, PCI DSS, HIPAA, and GDPR.

MSSPs also provide businesses with access to advanced security technologies that might otherwise be too costly or complex to manage internally. Tools like Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems, Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) capabilities, and intrusion detection systems are critical in identifying and responding to insider threats in real time. These technologies allow companies to continuously monitor their networks for suspicious activity, ensuring that any threat is swiftly detected and neutralised.

MSSPs may also offer physical penetration testing services, simulating insider threat scenarios to assess the effectiveness of physical security measures. These tests reveal vulnerabilities, such as unauthorised access to restricted data or tampering with critical systems, that could be exploited by malicious insiders. By identifying and addressing these weaknesses, businesses can bolster their defences against both digital and physical threats.

MSSPs can help businesses stay ahead of evolving threats and safeguard their most important business asset – data. From safeguarding sensitive information to ensuring regulatory compliance, MSSPs are essential partners in securing businesses against the ever-present danger of insider threats.